Backflow Prevention Practice Exam

What type of valves must pressure vacuum breaker shut-off valves be?

1. Angle

2. Gate

3. Globe

4. Tightly closed

The correct answer is: Tightly closed

Pressure vacuum breaker shut-off valves must be tightly closed to effectively prevent backflow in a water distribution system. This characteristic is crucial because a tightly closed valve ensures that there are no gaps or leaks that could allow contaminated water to flow back into the clean water supply. The design of these valves includes mechanisms to prevent reverse flow, which is essential for maintaining the integrity of the potable water system. When the valve is tightly closed, it can handle variations in pressure and vacuum conditions that might occur during normal operation or due to unusual events, such as sudden changes in system pressure. This feature prevents the back siphoning of water, thereby stopping pollutants from entering the water supply. Proper functioning of tightly closed shut-off valves is critical for compliance with health and safety regulations relating to water quality and public health. Other valve types, such as angle, gate, or globe valves, do not specifically prioritize this tightly sealed condition in their designs for backflow prevention. They may serve different functions in a plumbing system but do not inherently provide the necessary characteristics for preventing backflow like a tightly closed valve does.